Below are two extremely comprehensive videos on the human digestive system. These two videos could be shown during a class and would give students an indepth overview of the human digestive system
The Stomach
-Site of food storage and protein digestion
-J-Shape organ that can store up to 1.5 L of food
-Movement of food in and out of stomach is regulated by sphincters
-Cardiac sphincter: regulates food from esophagus
-Pyloric sphincter: regulates food from stomach to small
intestine
There are millions of cells that line the wall of the stomach that secrete many fluids which called collectively called gastric juice
Gastric juice :
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) mucus, pepsinogens and other materials
Pepsinogens:
enzymes that when exposed to a low pH such as conditions in the stomach, turns into its active form pepsin which is a enzyme the digests proteins
Mucus:
A protein produced by a layer of epithelial cells that provide a protective coating It is alkaline in nature which is basic and protects lining of the stomach from both acid from HCl and pepsin from breaking down proteins of stomach lining
- essential to protect from burning holes in the stomach (ulcer)
Activities:
Included in the activities page are the following demos that can be done for your students
Ziplock stomach
Sphincter demo
Waterbottle demo
-Site of food storage and protein digestion
-J-Shape organ that can store up to 1.5 L of food
-Movement of food in and out of stomach is regulated by sphincters
-Cardiac sphincter: regulates food from esophagus
-Pyloric sphincter: regulates food from stomach to small
intestine
There are millions of cells that line the wall of the stomach that secrete many fluids which called collectively called gastric juice
Gastric juice :
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) mucus, pepsinogens and other materials
Pepsinogens:
enzymes that when exposed to a low pH such as conditions in the stomach, turns into its active form pepsin which is a enzyme the digests proteins
Mucus:
A protein produced by a layer of epithelial cells that provide a protective coating It is alkaline in nature which is basic and protects lining of the stomach from both acid from HCl and pepsin from breaking down proteins of stomach lining
- essential to protect from burning holes in the stomach (ulcer)
Activities:
Included in the activities page are the following demos that can be done for your students
Ziplock stomach
Sphincter demo
Waterbottle demo
Disorder: Ulcers
Ulcer:
a lesion along the surface of an organ
-when the mucus membrane is destroyed a peptic ulcer can be formed resulting in tissue being burned and an allergic reaction can become stronger resulting in blood vessels breaking down
- can be caused by DIET, STRESS or HELIOBACTER PYLORI
A PowerPoint based on SBI 3U1 curriculum materials with teaching notes on Digestion is included below!
Ulcer:
a lesion along the surface of an organ
-when the mucus membrane is destroyed a peptic ulcer can be formed resulting in tissue being burned and an allergic reaction can become stronger resulting in blood vessels breaking down
- can be caused by DIET, STRESS or HELIOBACTER PYLORI
A PowerPoint based on SBI 3U1 curriculum materials with teaching notes on Digestion is included below!
digestion.pptx | |
File Size: | 1106 kb |
File Type: | pptx |
The Small Intestine:
Below are clearly defined roles of the Small Intestine in digestion. The video and information below give an indepth look at the small intestines role in digestion
Below are clearly defined roles of the Small Intestine in digestion. The video and information below give an indepth look at the small intestines role in digestion
Small Intestine
3 parts of the small intestine are the:
Duodenum:
-most digestion occurs here
Jejnuum:
has many folds that continue breakdown and absorption of remaining proteins and carbohydrates
Ileum: less absorption occurs here, unabsorbed particles are pushed through and continued
A great demo for your students is getting a 7m extension chord, ropes, string etc. This is a great visualization for students to understand the length of the small intestine! The small intestine is named this due to its DIAMETER not LENGTH
3 parts of the small intestine are the:
Duodenum:
-most digestion occurs here
Jejnuum:
has many folds that continue breakdown and absorption of remaining proteins and carbohydrates
Ileum: less absorption occurs here, unabsorbed particles are pushed through and continued
A great demo for your students is getting a 7m extension chord, ropes, string etc. This is a great visualization for students to understand the length of the small intestine! The small intestine is named this due to its DIAMETER not LENGTH
Small Intestine and Pancreas in Digestion
-HCl soaked food enters the duodenum from the stomach
- This stimulates the conversion of prosecretin (inactive) to sercretin (active form)
- Secreting is absorbed in blood vessels and carried to the pancreas
- This signals the pancreas to release pancreatic fluids
- these include bicarbonate ions (which are very basic) as well as trypsinogen and erepsin
-Trypsinogen when found in the small intestine interacts with enterokinase
-This turns it into trypsin which is the active enzyme which acts on breaking down long- chain polypetides
- Further polypeptide digestion to amino acids is done by erepsin
-HCl soaked food enters the duodenum from the stomach
- This stimulates the conversion of prosecretin (inactive) to sercretin (active form)
- Secreting is absorbed in blood vessels and carried to the pancreas
- This signals the pancreas to release pancreatic fluids
- these include bicarbonate ions (which are very basic) as well as trypsinogen and erepsin
-Trypsinogen when found in the small intestine interacts with enterokinase
-This turns it into trypsin which is the active enzyme which acts on breaking down long- chain polypetides
- Further polypeptide digestion to amino acids is done by erepsin
Liver and Gall Bladder in Digestion:
- Produces a fluid called bile which contains bile salts
-They speed up fat digestion; which stomach is empty it is stored and concentrated in
the gall bladder
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released when fat is in the small intestine
CCK is carried to the gall bladder and it triggers the release of bile salts which break down fat into droplets
-This breakdown into droplets is physical digestion. It aids in chemical
digestion as the breakdown of lipids into fat droplets results in an increase of surface area = increase of digestion from lipases
Disorders: Gall-stones, jaundice and cirrhosis are a few disorders associated with these organs
SPONGELAB INTERACTIVE ACTIVITY
The hyperlink below is a fantastic interactive activity that explores the depth of the digestive system and its disorders!!
There are several interactive tools, visuals and an opportunity to do case studies for students to explore
Below is a screen shot of what to expect
SPONGELAB Build a Body
- Produces a fluid called bile which contains bile salts
-They speed up fat digestion; which stomach is empty it is stored and concentrated in
the gall bladder
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released when fat is in the small intestine
CCK is carried to the gall bladder and it triggers the release of bile salts which break down fat into droplets
-This breakdown into droplets is physical digestion. It aids in chemical
digestion as the breakdown of lipids into fat droplets results in an increase of surface area = increase of digestion from lipases
Disorders: Gall-stones, jaundice and cirrhosis are a few disorders associated with these organs
SPONGELAB INTERACTIVE ACTIVITY
The hyperlink below is a fantastic interactive activity that explores the depth of the digestive system and its disorders!!
There are several interactive tools, visuals and an opportunity to do case studies for students to explore
Below is a screen shot of what to expect
SPONGELAB Build a Body